Women, Minority Ethnic Groups, and Transform Unions Essay - 1

Manchester City Swot Analysis Marketing Essay

Manchester City Swot Analysis Marketing Essay Presentation The venture is essentially about the two football crews from various football clubs. The thought is to make a vital examination between the two groups. The names of the football crews that have been taken for examination incorporate the Manchester City Football club and Barcelona Football club. The group Manchester city is fundamentally from the English head alliance though the group Barcelona is from the Spanish Division (Barcelona Soccer Institute, 2012). Both the groups have a decent notoriety in the Football business around the world. The point of the task is to investigate the strategic vision articulations of both these clubs and contrast them with break down the similar adequacy of the two. This will give more data with respect to who is the better side of both of them. Then again SWOT investigation of the two groups will likewise be led and contrasted with see which group has the most qualities and openings accessible. Foundation AND HISTORY Manchester City Football club is essentially an English head class football club found and situated in Manchester. It was established in 1880 and was at first called West Gorton. At that point in 1887 they became Ardwick Association Football club and afterward they became Manchester City in 1894. Thisclub has played at the City of Manchester arena since the time of 2003, and have additionally played for Maine Road from 1923 too (Wikipedia, Manchester City F.C., 2013). the most esteeming and effective period for the club was in the late 1960s and the early piece of 1970s when they figured out how to win the association title, League Cup, FA Cup and the European Cup Winners Cup under the administration of Malcolm Allison and Joe Mercer. In the wake of being crushed in the FA cup last of 1981, the cup really went into the period of decrease, thoroughly coming full circle in assignment towards the third level of English football in 1998. This was the main time in their history that they went so down. Subsequent to having recaptured the status of chief alliance, the club was in the long run bought by the Abu Dhabi United Group and the club got one of the wealthiest on the planet. In the year 2011 the Manchester city club figured out how to fit the bill for the heroes alliance and had the option to win the FA cup. In the year 2012 the club figured out how to win the chief group, which is additionally alluded to as their first class title in the previous forty years. Then again Futsal Club Barcelona is there from the development of their football club in 1899. FC Barcelona, which is otherwise called simply Barcelona or Barca is really situated in Barcelona Catalonia in Spain (Wikipedia, History of FC Barcelona, 2011). The group was really established by a gathering of English, Spanish and Swiss footballers, and this gathering was really driven by Joan Gamper. The club has been known to play novice football in the early years until 1910 in different rivalries that were local. It was additionally in 1910 that the club took an interest in the first of their European rivalries, and since that time the club has had the option to win 10 UEFA trophies and a sextuple. Continuously 1928 Barcelona helped to establish La liga which is the top level in Spanish football, and they likewise discovered some little string of football clubs also. Barcelona has never been consigned from La liga and share a similar record as one of their rivals known as the genuine Madrid. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE Corporate administration is essentially an arrangement of rules, procedures and practices by which the organization is controlled and coordinated. The idea really includes adjusting the interests of the different partners in the organization. Taking a gander at the structure of both the football clubs, both are fundamentally the same as and follow a business organization of an open restricted organization. Manchester city Football club has been making some acceptable memories with the administration and all the partners of the organization are fulfilled (Corporate Info, 2012). The primary purpose for this is the administration of the football club means to rouse the football players and fans for the organization, then again the players trust in constant and quality. The fundamental point of this football club is to satisfy the desires for their fans and individuals. Then again Barcelona is one of the best clubs of the world. The club has faith in all out quality and advances many fundamental beliefs like solid eating regimen, resilience, and sports for the impaired. Then again the club likewise criticizes prejudice (Pont, 2011). The administration of the organization and the players has been confronting a few issues; subsequently Barcelona neglects to adjust the interests of different partners of the organization. SWOT ANALYSIS BARCELONA FOOTBALL CLUB Qualities Barcelona has a solid neighborhood Brand name and the best club in Europe and Spain. The Camp Now arena of Barcelona has a seating limit more than 100000 Barcelona has the best players on the planet that are playing for their Team. The brands known as the UNICEF, Qatar Foundation and Nike are related Brands with the Barcelona Football Club. This implies the group has a standout amongst other brand supports on the planet. Shortcomings The group is known to have a great deal of debates in the football matches. It is essentially from the lesser well known and renowned clubs when contrasted with the clubs that are English OPPORTUNITY The club has the chance to expand their fan bases from the nations like china, USA and India. In the event that the Barcelona football club can concentrate on additionally publicizing and advancements then this will help the club a great deal in building brand value. Dangers Different clubs that are common in Europe are purchasing out the great players out of Barcelona. This can be lethal for the club on the off chance that they don't prevent this from occurring The club has revealed a great deal of inside issues between the players and the board which can likewise represent a danger to the prosperity of the club later on. The club has been known to have a great deal of money related obligation since it has been associated with the player moves of costly players. This can mess liquidity up to the club later on. MANCHESTER CITY SWOT ANALYSIS Qualities The Manchester city football club includes a neighborhood situating inside Manchester The club has a great deal of receptiveness and advancement in the division of culture. They permit players from all societies to demonstrate their value and join the club. The club has probably the most extravagant backers when contrasted with different clubs. Shortcomings The club has a frail nearness in the city of Manchester in light of the fact that numerous different contenders are likewise well known here. The name of this club isn't very entrenched when contrasted with different clubs. The vast majority of the players playing in this club are normal players. Openings The club should higher better players and utilize the rich backers that they have. This will improve of the presentation of the club later on. The club ought to get more brand supports to improve the brand picture of the club. The club can higher probably the best mentors far and wide given the way that the club is rich. Dangers Manchester United Football club is superior to Manchester City and is more well known in Manchester than some other football club. As the case with different clubs inner issues are predominant in this club between the administration and the Coach. The club ought to guarantee that the issues don't deteriorate later on. Icy mass PRINCIPLES THEORY The icy mass is fundamentally a model that not just thinks about the noticeable sensible degree of the subject, yet additionally clarifies the imperceptible passionate degree of the subject (GmbH). The rationale level of the subject which incorporates the system, structure, capacities and procedures as a rule represents 10% of the general human limit though the social level adds up to 90% of the human limit. Following is the sketch for a run of the mill Iceberg Theory. The structure of the chunk of ice rule and its 5 procedure levels Vital LEVEL At the vital level Manchester city FC targets conveying the best quality football to its fans. They are essentially worried for superior and incentive for the investors of the organization. Then again the Barcelona football club professes to be truly outstanding on the planet and they guarantee that they are not only a club; they are in excess of a club. Basic LEVEL The administration execution for Barcelona has been poor at the basic level in light of the fact that the organization has caused numerous misfortunes in light of costly player contracts. Then again Manchester city has one of the most extravagant supervisory crew. The supervisory group remunerates its players well indeed and their objective is quality execution for the fans. Procedure LEVEL Manchester city guarantees that its basic beliefs incorporate serving the fanatics of the football club by depicting great execution. Their fundamental point is to make nonstop an incentive for its fans and the investors of the organization. Then again Barcelona expects to work about by following the guiding principle including the treatment of sports as the point of convergence, supporting the key plans of the club and investigating the new regions of financing for the club. The club likewise targets carrying the individuals closer to the club regarding action and correspondence. Useful LEVEL The exhibition level of the workers or the players of Manchester city has been exceptionally high in the present. This is on the grounds that they have as of late won the chief group without precedent for as far back as forty years. Subsequently, the presentation level of the players has been superb. Then again Barcelona has been battling as of late in light of certain conflicts between the administration and players of the club. Then again there have been numerous player moves from this group in the ongoing years which has influenced the group science somewhat. Anyway the group can possibly skip once more from such issues since it is perhaps the best club of the Spanish association. Social LEVEL At the social level Barcelona football club

The Differences (and Similarities) Between Dystopian and Post-Apocalyptic Fiction

The Differences (and Similarities) Between Dystopian and Post-Apocalyptic Fiction From The Hunger Games to The Walking Dead, dystopian and post-apocalyptic stories have become massively popularâ€"and their popularity shows no signs of slowing down. In many cases, the line between the two genres is decidedly blurred. However, each has unique characteristics that separate it from the other. Most noticeably, while dystopian fiction often explores social or political struggle, society is still operating and has not yet collapsed (although it might be on the brink). Meanwhile, in apocalyptic fiction, the focus is less on society and more about the characters or a man vs. nature conflict.Lets look at each of these genres in more detail.What is dystopian fictionGenerally, dystopias use contemporary society as a basis for their imagined dystopias, lending an element of social warning in the texts. In this way, authors can use facets of modern society to imagine what a futuristic one might look likeâ€"and in a dystopia, that future is most often very dark and troubling.The Netflix original dystopian series Black Mirror is a great example of how this is done, as it shows how things like social media and overuse of technology might be contributing to a dystopian future for humanity. The series, as well as many other dystopian works, shows how technology might soon prove to be more harmful than good (for us as a species, and for civilization in general), and how it could indeed be making us less humanâ€"and less humane.Netflixs Black Mirror is a great example of modern dystopian storytellingDystopian literature and worksThe rise in dystopian literature follows the rise in technological innovation. In many ways, it can be seen as a response to (and fear of) the innovation we depend on in our day-to-day lives. It asks questions like: Where will all this lead us? And will social order survive?As a direct and contrasting response to utopian literature, dystopian fiction is most often seen as a genre that began with E.M. Forsters The Machine Stops, a short s tory published in 1909 in The Oxford and Cambridge Review. It was later republished in Forsters The Eternal Moment and Other Stories in 1928. In the story, humanity is forced to live underground and must rely on a large machine to provide for it. In Yevgeny Zamyatins We, the future is one that is governed entirely by logic and reasoning, with characters named D-503 and O-90. George Orwells Nineteen Eighty-Four, shows a society at constant war and controlling its people through propaganda, censorship, and an oppressive police state.Aldous Huxleys Brave New World, written in 1931, is the story of a world in which citizens are drugged, genetically modified and placed into castes based on their intelligence. Anthony Burgess A Clockwork Orange, published in 1962, shows a future, dystopian England that is plagued by youth violence. Margaret Atwoods The Handmaids Tale is a dystopian tale in which the future United States is a totalitarian theocracy and women have no rights.Dystopian fictio n has also become extremely popular among Young Adult (YA) readers, with titles like The Hunger Games by Suzanne Collins, The House of the Scorpion by Nancy Farmer, Divergent and Insurgent by Veronica Roth, The Maze Runner by James Dashner, and Delirium by Lauren Oliver.Some of the common themes and situations seen in dystopian fiction are:Mass povertyA police state or abuse of power by governmentTechnology gone wrongLoss of individualismIneffective or oppressive social institutionsOveruse of technology or citizens harmed/controlled by itPost-apocalyptic fictionKnown as apocalyptic fiction or post-apocalyptic fiction, the genre involves an event in which civilization or society has collapsedâ€"whether from natural or man-made circumstances, alien invasion, zombie infections, nuclear war, etc. Therefore, one of its qualities that differs from dystopian fiction is that in the latter, there is still a society or social order (although it might be unbearable for those caught within it). Photo by Scott Rodgerson on UnsplashSince apocalyptic fiction involves characters attempting to survive, it is often more focused on characters and their interaction with others. Themes such as sharing limited resources, trusting strangers, and surviving together are the focus. In this way, apocalyptic fiction allows authors to introduce the depths of their characters most basic fears and needsâ€"and ultimately, determine what it means to be human in the first place.Other common themes and situations seen in apocalyptic fiction are:Depletion of resourcesDangerous weather patterns and/or exposure to the elementsRadiation after a nuclear warPandemic sickness (causing extreme loss of life)Loss of technologyNomadic livingGroup dynamics in survival situationsApocalyptic literature and worksMary Shelleys The Last Man, which was published in 1826, is considered to be the first work of apocalyptic fiction. In it, she describes a plague that kills off most of the worlds population as a group moves through Europe to attempt to escape it. Stephen Kings The Stand, published in 1978, follows a small group of survivors as they attempt to survive a man-made superflu.The Walking Dead is a post-apocalyptic comic-book series written by Robert Kirkman, Tony Moore, and Charlie Adlard, about a group of survivors attempting to escape zombies that have become infected with a deadly (and reanimating virus). Richard Mathesons 1954 novel I Am Legend, which was later adapted for film, likewise describes a global pandemic that has turned the worlds population into zombie-like creatures.Emily St. John Mandels Station Eleven, published in 2014, focuses on a nomadic group of actors and musicians known as the Travelling Symphony and shows a world in which a global pandemic has killed off much of the worlds population. James Dashners The Maze Runner trilogy, published between 2009 and 2011, shows a world in which sun flares have scorched the planet, forcing the worlds governments to kill off most of the population to save resources. Most recently, All Systems Down by Sam Boush is an American novel describing a cyber war that brings down Western infrastructure, causing society to collapse in its wake.Cormac McCarthys The Road is perhaps one of the best written post-apocalyptic novels to date. Published in 2006, it has since been awarded the 2007 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction and the James Tait Black Memorial Prize for Fiction. It was also adapted to a film, which was released in 2009 and directed by John Hillcoat.The following quote is one of the reasons McCarthys tale is so poignant:He walked out in the gray light and stood and he saw for a brief moment the absolute truth of the world. The cold relentless circling of the intestate earth. Darkness implacable. The blind dogs of the sun in their running. The crushing black vacuum of the universe. And somewhere two hunted animals trembling like ground-foxes in their cover. Borrowed time and borrowed world and borrowed eyes wit h which to sorrow it.Cormac McCarthys The RoadWe dont even know the main characters name, but Cormac McCarthy created a masterpiece of post-apocalyptic fiction with The RoadIt is this kind of live-in-the-moment simplicityâ€"without smartphones or television distracting usâ€"that attracts modern audiences to apocalyptic fiction and is perhaps one of its greatest themes.

Fast Food Nation By Eric Schlosser - 1596 Words

America, a country run by consumerism and big business. Companies selling cheap food and cheap goods are scattered across the nation in every state and town. This is Eric Schlosser’s main topic in his novel Fast Food Nation. From telling the start of the first fast food restaurants in America, to explaining how the food is made, Schlosser s covers the whole history of the world wide food phenomenon. Eric Schlosser is an American journalist and Author of Fast Food Nation. He was born in Manhattan, New York, but grew up in Los Angeles, California. He studied American history at Princeton University and studied at Oxford, where he eventually got his graduate degree in British Imperial History. He wrote Fast Food Nation because in the mid-1900s he was introduced to the world of modern food while he researching about California s strawberry industry. After his research, he decided to write an article telling people where their strawberries came from and their consequences. The edit ors at Rolling Stone read this article and love it. They then called Schlosser and told him they wanted him to do the same thing he did with strawberries but to do it on the fast-food industry, that would be called â€Å"Fast Food Nation.† This article soon became a book explaining to people what they are eating and their children are eating. Schlosser himself says that before writing his book her used to eat fast-food himself and that he loved hamburgers and french fries, but after writing his book, heShow MoreRelatedFast Food Nation by Eric Schlosser957 Words   |  4 PagesFast Food Nation Fast Food Nation by Eric Schlosser was overall an alarmingly convincing tale. Schlosser’s ability to subtly drop facts regarding the negative aspects of the fast food industry that so profoundly swayed the reader wa extremely effective. Schlosser did not come out and state his opinion bluntly at any time throughout the novel. Instead, he would incorporate the right facts here and there to persuade the reader to feel the same way about the fast food industry that he felt: negativelyRead MoreFast Food Nation By Eric Schlosser1678 Words   |  7 Pagestougher food safety laws, it should protect American workers from serious harm, it should fight against dangerous concentrations of economic power (Schlosser). People must wonder how is it that a fast food company has so much customers. Advertising is the answer. The power advertisers have to be able to influence so many people s decisions and affect people’s lives especially the lives of young children is incredible. Adver tisers know just who to target and they research how too. In Eric Schlosser’sRead MoreFast Food Nation By Eric Schlosser865 Words   |  4 Pagesspent on food to support a family. In the book Fast Food Nation, by Eric Schlosser he talks about how fast food affects American Society. He talks about how much money is spent on fast food, which is $110 billion dollars. Eric Schlosser says that many Americans spend more money on fast food then they do on cars and education. He mentions many food companies such as McDonalds, Taco Bell, Pizza Hut and how it can be â€Å"the world’s largest provider of death care services†.(Schlosser 5) In Fast Food NationRead MoreFast Food Nation By Eric Schlosser1253 Words   |  6 Pagesand shipping ports. Cattle and other livestock arrived by railroad. After the animals were slaughtered, they would be shipped to meat counters around the country and overseas. In his book Fast Food Nation, Eric Schlosser writes about the changes in the meatpacking industry. Among those changes, Schlosser explains, Iowa Beef Packers (IBP) changed the entire meatpacking industry by turning the business of slaughtering animals into an assembly line. Meatpacking no longer requires skilled workersRead MoreFast Food Nation By Eric Schlosser848 Words   |  4 PagesLAST THREE DECADES, fast food has infiltrated every nook and cranny of American society†, Schlosser writes. Fast Food Nation, written by Eric Schlosser, includes topics about fast food chains impact on the community, jobs relating to fast food, and health issues. Fast Food Nation uses logic to appeal to the aspects of fast food chains by giving relatable examples from the devastating effects on the communities to the millions of jobs offered for our country. Moreover, fast food chains have contributedRead MoreFast Food Nation, by Eric Schlosser Essay1928 Words   |  8 Pagesmost shocking books of the generation is Eric Schlosser’s Fast Food Nation. Th e novel includes two sections, The American Way and Meat and Potatoes,† that aid him in describing the history and people who have helped shape up the basics of the â€Å"McWorld.† Fast Food Nation jumps into action at the beginning of the novel with a discussion of Carl N. Karcher and the McDonald’s brothers. He explores their roles as â€Å"Gods† of the fast-food industry. Schlosser then visits Colorado Springs and investigatesRead MoreFast Food Nation by Eric Schlosser Essay1205 Words   |  5 Pagesmake then at first glance. Eric Schlosser’s book Fast Food Nation delves deep into the intricate workings of the fast food industry to expose mistreatment and cruelty towards workers in the business, just as Upton Sinclair had done in the early 1900’s regarding the meat packing industry. Schlosser is able to bring light to the darkness behind the All-American meal through extensive research and personal confrontations of which he has high rega rds for. Fast Food Nation is a good literary nonfictionRead MoreAnalysis of Eric Schlosser ´s Fast Food Nation811 Words   |  3 PagesEric Schlosser’s novel Fast Food Nation provides a deep insight into the systematic and unified world of the fast food industry. From the title alone, readers develop a clear sense of the author’s intention for writing this book. Schlosser’s purpose for writing the novel is to raise awareness about the impact and consequences of fast food industries on society. The purpose of the novel is achieved by the author’s use of personal stories, and by relating fast food to various aspects of society. Read MoreThe Slaughterhouse By Upton Sinclair And Fast Food Nation By Eric Schlosser1015 Words   |  5 PagesHowever, not all industries have had significant advancements in today s modern world. For example, the food industry has been lacking in the basic necessities needed to sustain a safe, humane work environment, especially in the meat industry. Excerpts from The Jungle by Upton Sinclair and Fast Food Nation by Eric Schlosser elaborately explain the horrible environments inside the factory. Schlosser mainly addresses how unfit the conditions are for the workers, while Sinclair informs the reader of howRead MoreReview Of Stephen King And Fast Food Nation By Eric Schlosser1334 Words   |  6 Pagesreading included On Writing by Stephen King and Fast Food Nation by Eric Schlosser, both of these novels were very different and taught us different things.   One Writing gave us tips on how to be a good writer and different techniques King uses in his works while also being fun to read and really well written. Fast Food Nation was a very interesting, thought provoking book that spoke about the relevant and controversial topic of meat production in fast food restaurants. Both works are very relevant in

The Power of Irony in The Death of a Salesman Essay

Renata Lemos English 102 Professor: Jeff Ousborne 04/05/2013 The Power of Irony on â€Å"The Death of a Salesman† Authors use irony in literature in order to give double meanings and make it more interesting to the reader. In the play â€Å" The Death of a Salesman† Arthur Miller uses irony as a strong writing technique in order to express the characters behavior. In â€Å"The Death of a Salesman† by Arthur Miller moments of situational and dramatic irony helps to illustrate the storys theme in which Willy is a man trying yo achieve the American dream, however he have created a world of illusion. Dramatic irony occurs when the meaning of the situation is understood by the audience but not by the characters in the play. Willy thinks that†¦show more content†¦Willy was illusive thinking that he was good enough to get a better a job, instead he end up looking as a failure himself. The irony lies in Willys thoughts and perceptions of reality versus true reality. Willy lives constantly lying to himself with self talk and lying to others to cover his disappointments. Willys n otion of the â€Å"American Dream† and how he keeps saying affirming how successful he is. Willy longs to live his dream however, Willy is living an illusion. He is blaming everyone else for his failures, if not he would have witnessed the good things in his life. At Willys funeral when Linda says, â€Å" Willy I made the last payment on the house today. Today, dear. And therell be nobody home. Were free and clean.... Were free. Were free... Were free.† (1465). This quote helps to demonstrate the irony that now that he and Linda are free from their financial debt he is now no longer able to experience and enjoy that freedom with Linda. It is immensely tragic that at the time when Willy and Linda should be happy, Willy chooses to kill himself. Willy spent his entire life trying to be successful, but he always viewed himself as a failure. However, at the end of the play, they had all of their house payments paid off. He actually was successful and did not know it.After working for so many years in a job that he was never suited for, Willy has finally paid of his mortgage. The irony is that now that he and LindaShow MoreRelatedComparison of Oedipus the King and Death of a Salesman Essay1025 Words   |  5 Pagesplay are setting, irony, plot, characters, and theme, which will be discussed in the essay. Oedipus the King opens in a Greek amphitheatre depicting the front of a Theban palace. Throughout the play, the setting remains constant. This changes to a more fast-paced play with different settings in different places in Death of a Salesman. Dramatic irony in Oedipus the King is evident throughout, which is similar to the latter play, but in a different form. In here, the irony is evident. OedipusRead MoreComparing Shakespeare s Oedipus The King And Death Of A Salesman 1738 Words   |  7 Pagesdescribing a conflict between the protagonist and a superior force, such as destiny, and having a sorrowful or disastrous conclusion that elicits pity or terror. Two such examples of literary tragedies are â€Å"Oedipus the King† by Sophocles and â€Å"Death of a Salesman† by Arthur Miller. Although written over 2000 years apart, there are many similarities between the two literary works, but with varying degrees of differences as well. Some of the key areas to be examined when making this comparison are: theRead MoreEssay on Death of a Salesman: Tragic but Not a Tragedy1360 Words   |  6 PagesDeath of a Salesman: Tragic but Not a Tragedy Though a more modern version of tragedy in its’ classical sense, Death of a Salesman in many ways is very much like an ancient Greek play. In his ‘Poetics’ Aristotle tries to set out the common ideas throughout tragedy, attempting to demystify the necessary elements for such plays. One of his main ideas was that of the ‘Three Unities’ - that of Space, that of Time and that of Action. He stated that all the action of a tragedy must occur inRead MorePower of Success1652 Words   |  7 PagesPower of Success The unflinching conflict of obtaining success is eloquently portrayed throughout Arthur Millers â€Å"Death of a Salesman†. In this modern tragedy, Miller successfully depicts the human condition in midst of denying failure. The play unfolds around a washed- up salesman named Willy Loman, whose obsession with reaching concrete evidence of success, creates unfortunate repercussions on his family, and himself. Willys conviction that a man must not only be like, but he must be well likedRead Moreâ€Å"Aristotle’s Definition of the Tragic Hero and Irony in Tragedy† Oedipus Rex, Othello, and Death of a Salesman3217 Words   |  13 Pagesaspects of the tragedy is in itself ironic. Moreover we cannot define the tragic hero without giving heed to irony, which may find its origin in ancient Greek playwriting and sustains its prevalence in modern times. (Hutchens) Irony allows us as the audience to collectively comprehend the situation on a level that the characters thems elves can not. Oedipus Rex, Othello, and Death of a Salesman are three tragic and relatively prominent plays, all written in different time periods, which can be examinedRead MoreComparative Study of Death of a Salesman and The Catcher in the Rye1981 Words   |  8 PagesD Salinger and ‘Death of a Salesman’ by Arthur Miller are both texts that were written throughout this time of social, cultural, spiritual and economic metamorphosis. ‘The Catcher in the Rye’ through the portrayal of Holden Caulfield, explores an individual’s tumultuous tale throughout city living and teenage years of post WW2 America, hoping to find recognition, companionship and purpose, but falling short of their expectations of themselves. Likewise in ‘Death of a Salesman’, Willy Loman isRead MoreThe Kite Runner And A Death Of A Salesman Essay1821 Words   |  8 Pagestreatment of father and son relationships in The Kite Runner and A Death of a Salesman.’’ Relationships between families may not perpetually consist of happiness and fulfilment but always have an undeniable bond of unconditional and everlasting love. The concept of relationships particularly that of a father and son is a resonant theme in both the novel ‘’The Kite Runner’’ written by Khaled Hosseini and in the play ‘’A Death of a Salesman’’ by Arthur Miller. Hosseini explores complex father and son relationshipsRead MoreA Place Called Chiapas899 Words   |  4 Pagesreflects this movement toward separation, despite the fact that it was intended to boost trade between regions and create more prosperity on both sides of the United States-Mexico border. The Mexican elites saw it as their salvation. Others saw it as â€Å" a death sentence.† The Chiapas region itself exemplifies this gap, as well. The region was split between the relatively prosperous west, which was fertile and characterized by commercial developm ent, and the poor, subsistence-oriented east. It was not by accidentRead MorePostmodernism in White Noise by Don Delillo and Rabbit, Run by John Updike2560 Words   |  11 PagesConsidering his pervading fear of death and dying, this remark was totally unexpected. A â€Å"plot,† as defined in literature, is a series of events that propel the character forward toward a resolution, an end. However, Jack has a morbid notion of plots, and he believes that in the end, it will lead him toward death–the ultimate end. This might explain why the earlier parts of White Noise lack the sense of a plot. Instead of moving the character forward, Jack often wonders about death, when he will die, and,Read MoreUp the Wall Notes3113 Words   |  13 Pageslanguage is a continuous stream - Onomatopoeia â€Å"I want to hear those eyeballs click† - References to the preservation of the men’s genitalia â€Å"the old crown jewels† and their capacity for sexual intercourse â€Å"turning the key in the ignition† shows that death is not the only consequence of war - Voices of the men is silenced o Dawes criticism of a disciplinary system that does not permit debate and discussion o However also important to note that army life and combat drill do not, by their

Flashbulb Memory Free Essays

Flashbulb memory is a distinctive and vivid memory. They are also long lasting, accurate and detailed. These memories are from personal circumstances surrounding a person’s discovery of shocking events. We will write a custom essay sample on Flashbulb Memory or any similar topic only for you Order Now People remember these memories with clear details of the emotions they were feeling, the place where they were, and what they were doing when they first heard the news. These memories are so vivid that people can even remember irrelevant details, such as, weather or what they were wearing. Even though a flashbulb memory could be from previous years early, people can remember these memories like they just happened yesterday. Although, people remember what events happened on these certain days they can’t remember what they did the day before or possibly the day after. The aspect that makes these memories a lifelong memory is the emotion behind the memory. The emotion felt at the time of the event is what turns the memory from a regular memory in to a flashbulb memory. Emotional reactions stimulate the release of hormones that have been shown to enhance the formation of long term memories (Saundra K. Ciccarelli, 2009) In addition, people remember emotional trauma better than they remember every day events. The initial shock or stress caused by these extreme events can cause people’s memory to be misread. It has been suggested by a newsletter titled, Memory Disorder Project (2006), that a person has to require participation of the amygdala to actually have had a flashbulb memory. Amygdala is a brain structure involved in emotional memory, and possibly other brain systems which regulates mood and alertness. Amygdala also can regulate the encoding, storage and retrieval of episodic memory. The amygdala may be vital to the retrieval of memories from emotional public events. There have been horrible events that have been perfect examples to research people’s flashbulb memories. In past decades, events such as assignations of John F. Kennedy, Martin Luther King Jr. , and the explosion of the space shuttle Challenger have been used to research flashbulb memories. In more current events, people’s memories of the 9/11 attacks have been studied to find out more information about flashbulb memories. An individual can have flashbulb memories of their personal life experiences too. Examples of these would possibly be the death of a family member, or just the opposite, the birth of a family member. A couple personal flashbulb memories I have are the memories of my son being born, and the moment my sister was diagnosed with a life changing brain malformation. I remember exactly what I was feeling, and even what I was wearing during the instant these events occurred. The psychologist, Colegrove started writing in 1899 described how middle-aged people remembered exactly what they were doing thirty-five years ago, when Abraham Lincoln was shot. In the late 1970’s two people Brown and Kulik, started doing research on flashbulb memories. Their theories seemed to support the idea of adrenaline effects on memory. In the 1970’s the classic example of â€Å"Where were you when you heard about Kennedy being shot. †. Brown and Kulik introduced the term flashbulb memory, along with the first model of the process in developing flashbulb accounts. They suggested a flashbulb memory cannot occur without a high level of surprise or emotional arousal. The four models they proposed was the photographic model, comprehensive model, emotional-integrative model, and the importance driven emotional reactions model. Even further studies of flashbulb memories led people to look in to their accuracy of the actual events. A psychologist named Neisser argued that flashbulb memories are not as accurate as people think they are. He suggested that flashbulb memories are really like â€Å"life markers†. When a significant event occurs, it becomes part of your life history. â€Å"We know our world is changed from that moment on, but that doesn’t mean they are accurate. † (Flashbulb Memory). There have been disagreements debating whether flashbulb memories are accurate enough to be categorized in their own group. One reason over this disagreement is because flashbulb memories fade away over time, which is also how regular memories work. Another reason, flashbulb memories are doubted is that they can be very unstable. Flashbulbs can seem extremely vivid because the memories are often retold over and over again. They are not remembered as vividly without constantly thinking about it. â€Å"Accuracy reduces during the first three months and levels at about twelve months. †(Wikipedia, 2010). Flashbulb memories are sometimes classified as a type of autobiography memory. Autobiography memory is memory used in our everyday life. A memory goes through the first stage, encoding. At this stage, a set of mental operations that people perform on sensory information to convert that information into a form that is usable in the brain’s storage systems. The next step is storage, where a person’s brain holds on to information for an amount of time. Finally, the last memory process is retrieving. This step can be difficult, as well as impossible. During retrieval, memories can be distorted. Flashbulb memories can still be distorted like all other memories, but they seem to be more vivid in our minds. Normal everyday memories are entered in to our sensory memory. We perceive information with our senses. Then, information goes from sensory memory to short term memory. This transfer occurs because of selective attention, which is the ability to focus on only one stimulus from among all sensory input. Information then is processed in to long term memory. These are long lasting memories that can be stored for a long period of time until memory is retrieved. This transfer can only occur through elaborative rehearsal (Saundra K. Ciccarelli, 2009). Three items that are thought to have significant affects on flashbulb memories are consequentiality, distinctiveness of an event, and personal involvement and proximity. Consequentiality is the main characteristic for determining flashbulb memories. The consequence of an event is a particular variable in the making and keeping of flashbulb memory. Two models of flashbulb memories state that the consequence of an event determines the intensity of emotional reactions. Distinctiveness of an event has been considered to be a large contribution to the efficiency of flashbulb memories. Flashbulbs memories have been identified as unique and distinctive from everyday memories. It has been documented that people actually involved in the event are going to remember the event better over time. People who had no direct experience will not have a precise flashbulb memory of the event the way people who were involved or in close proximity (Wikipedia, 2010) Even through the controversy of how accurate flashbulb memories are, or how they work, no one can deny the mystery of them. A person in their own curiosity has to wonder how they remember so many details of the day of a impacting event on their life ten years ago, but they can’t remember what they ate the for breakfast yesterday morning. Flashbulb memory is an appropriate name for the phenomena because these memories can be like clear flashes of what really happened during the time when a person heard this information and felt the emotions at that time. Those emotions stimulating the amygdala makes the memory last longer. Through research of people’s reactions and memories of catastrophic public events, we as a society have learned more details about flashbulb memories. Even though, the research started over a century ago, there are many other unclear topics of flashbulb memories. Such as, exactly what types of memory a flashbulb memory is, how it is retrieved, and how is it different from regular everyday memories. As long as memories have consequentiality, distinctiveness, proximity, or involvement, it will be a long lasting memory. Until proved otherwise these memories will be known as flashbulb memories. How to cite Flashbulb Memory, Papers

The Downfall Of Communism In Eastern And Central Europe Essays

The Downfall of Communism in Eastern and Central Europe The shocking fall of communism in Eastern and Central Europe in the late eighties was remarkable for both its rapidity and its scope. The specifics of communism's demise varied among nations, but similarities in both the causes and the effects of these revolutions were quite similar. As well, all of the nations involved shared the common goals of implementing democratic systems of government and moving to market economies. In each of these nations, the communist regimes in power were forced to transfer that power to radically different institutions than they were accustomed to. Democracy had been spreading throughout the world for the preceding two decades, but with a very important difference. While previous political transitions had seen similar circumstances, the actual events in question had generally occurred individually. In Europe, on the other hand, the shift from communism was taking place in a different context altogether. The peoples involved were not looking to affect a narrow set of policy reforms; indeed, what was at stake was a hyper-radical shift from the long-held communist ideology to a western blueprint for governmental and economic policy development. The problem inherent in this type of monumental change is that, according to Ulrich K. Preuss, "In almost all the East and Central European countries, the collapse of authoritarian communist rule has released national, ethnic, religious and cultural conflicts which can not be solved by purely economic policies" (47). While tremendous changes are evident in both the governmental and economic arenas in Europe, these changes cannot be assumed to always be "mutually reinforcing" (Preuss 47). Generally it has been theorized that the most successful manner of addressing these many difficulties is the drafting of a constitution. But what is clear is the unsatisfactory ability of a constitution to remedy the problems of nationalism and ethnic differences. Preuss notes that when the constitutional state gained favor in North America, it was founded on the principle of the unitary state; it was not designed to address the lack of national identity which is found throughout Europe - and which is counter to the concept of the constitutional state (48). "Measured in terms of socioeconomic modernization," writes Helga A. Welsh, "Central and Eastern European countries had reached a level that was considered conducive to the emergence of pluralistic policies" (19). It seemed that the sole reason the downfall of communism, as it were, took so long was the veto power of the Soviet Union. According to theories of modernization, the higher the levels of socioeconomic achievement, the greater the pressure for open competition and, ultimately, democracy. As such, the nations in Eastern and Central Europe were seen as "anomalies in socioeconomically highly-developed countries where particularly intellectual power resources have become widespread" (Welsh 19). Due to their longtime adherence to communist policies, these nations faced great difficulty in making the transition to a pluralist system as well as a market economy. According to Preuss, these problems were threefold: The genuine economic devastations wrought by the communist regimes, the transformation of the social and economic classes of the command economy into the social and economic lasses of a capitalist economy and, finally, the creation of a constitutional structure for political entities that lack the undisputed integrity of a nation state (48). With such problems as these to contend with in re- engineering their entire economic and political systems, the people of East Germany seemed to be in a particularly enviable position. Economically, they were poised to unite with one of the richest countries, having one of the strongest economies, in the entire world. In the competition for foreign investment, such an alliance gave the late German Democratic Republic a seemingly insurmountable lead over other nations. In regards to the political aspects of unification, it effectively left a Germany with no national or ethnic minorities, as well as having undisputed boundaries. As well, there was no need to create a constitution (although many of the pitfalls of constitution- building would have been easily-avoided due to the advantages Germany had), because the leaders of the GDR had joined the Federal Republic by accession and, accordingly, allowed its Basic Law to be extended over their territory. For all the good that seemed to be imminent as a result of unification, many problems also arose regarding the political transformation that Germany was undergoing. Among these problems were the following: the tensions between the Basic Law's simultaneous commitments to supranational integration and to the German nation state, the relationship between the nation and the constitution as two different modes of political integration and the issue of so- called "backward justice" (Preuss 48). The Federal Republic of Germany's Basic Law